Kant And Mill On Animal Ethics Essay - 1365 Words

In this essay I will begin by explaining the overall views of Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill, then compare and contrast the ideas and philosophies of Kant and Mill on Animal Ethics. I believe that Kant, the deontologist, will not care as much about the duty/responsibility between humans and animals as Mill, the utilitarian, who will see the extreme importance of animal ethics. After studying and explaining the views and teachings of these two philosophers I will see if my thesis was correct, and choose which philosopher to side with. First, I would like to address the teachings of Immanuel Kant. Kant is known for his studies of deontology, or duty ethics, which is â€Å"an approach to Ethics that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, as opposed to the rightness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions (consequentialism) or to the character and habits of the actor (virtue ethics).† (Mastin) Kant specializes in many ideas, but the ideas I wil l focus on are: the will, good will, the categorical imperative, and the principle of humanity. First we’ll start with the will. Kant likes to focus on the will that can only be found in â€Å"rational beings†, which Kant defines as those capable of moral deliberation (humans). Kant states â€Å"the will is a capacity to choose only that which reason independently of inclination cognizes as practically necessary, that is, as good.†(Kant) In other words, â€Å"the will is nothing more than the capacity for practicalShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Argument For Veganism1685 Words   |  7 PagesUtilitarianism defined by John Stuart Mill, and Deontological ethics according to Immanuel Kant. Through the use of these theories, I will justify the moral worth and legitimacy of the animal welfare debate that is often used to promote a cruelty-free and vegan lifestyle by analyzing questions of animal sentience, the worth of an animal’s happiness, and the right humanity supposedly has to the lives of other living creatures. Utilitarianism and Deontological ethics will provide two philosophical insightsRead MoreComparing Political Philosophy Theories1095 Words   |  5 Pagessentences) Aristotle – Virtue EthicsMill – UtilitarianismKant – DeontologyConsequentialismNodding – Care Ethicswhat would you say is our principal or highest objective by nature? According to Aristotle, it is the attainment of happiness, for it is that alone that we seek for its own sake. Based on Aristotle assertion a woman bearing a child is good.For J.S. Mill, decreasing pain and increasing pleasure is good. However, not all pleasure is the same. Mill argues that intellectual pleasuresRead MoreImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill998 Words   |  4 PagesTwo knowledgeable men, one says go right, the other, left. Who is right? Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill were both noted philosophers with opposing theories on what is moral. Each uphold different ways of observing what is right. The theory of utilitarianism held by Mill and universalism held by Kant has similarities and differences. Who stands correct, and who is mistaken? Utilitarianism is the belief that decisions should be made based on how much pleasure they bring (MacKinnon and FialaRead MoreUtilatarian, Deontology and Virtue Ethics1618 Words   |  7 PagesUtilitarianism is defined as ethic based on consequences. An act, either it is morally wrong or good is acceptable as long as the end outcome is greater. In this essay on utilitarianism, I would argue Peter Singer’s calculus preferences, equality is for all living being but sacrificing one for greater good is plausible. Counter argument of Immanuel Kant’s moral deontology claim, it is immoral to consider a human being as a means to an end. John Mills’ actions are right as long they promote happinessRead MoreComparing Aristotle And John Stuart Mill1130 Words   |  5 PagesKearney PHIL 231: Ethics 28 April 2015 Essay 2 Comparisons on Pleasure in Morality The role of pleasure in morality has been examined thoroughly throughout the beginning of philosophy and continues to be a questionable issue. With these in-depth examinations, some similar outlooks as well as differing views have been recorded. Many philosophers have dissected this important topic, however I intend to concentrate of the famous works of Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill. After meticulouslyRead MoreThe Philosohpy of Immanuel Kant1191 Words   |  5 PagesImmanuel Kant is referred to as the â€Å"father† of deontological ethics, which is also colloquially referred to as Kantianism, which provides a sophisticated explication of deontology. His philosophy embodies capitulating to one’s maxim, which he beliefs that to be good, however, only if one’s motives are unconditional and irrespective to external reason. The maxim is referred to as the individual’s intrinsic duty or obligation to one’s self or to others, which if applicable to everyone than it is congenialRead MoreImmanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, Plato, and Aristotle: Morals and Ethical Codes1169 Words   |  5 Pagesquestion that is a focal point for moral and ethical codes. Morals and ethics is, of course, a subject that runs deep in the discussion of philosophy. People are faced with moral dilemmas everyday, which many times society decides without thoroughly exploring their options. Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, Plato, and Aristotle are philosophers that focus on the topic of ethics, yet all have different outlooks. Kant is considered a non-consequentiality, which means he feels the intentionsRead MoreKant : Kant s Ethics1293 Words   |  6 PagesKhaled AlMarwani Philosophical Ethics PHL270 Dr. Elizabeth F. Cooke Question # 1: Kant’s Ethics According to my humble reading, Kant is considered the hardest to read, grasp and understand among the philosophers that we came across studying ethics. According to Kant, nothing could be called good without qualification except a good will. And the good will is the desire or the tendency to do your duty because it is your duty, not anything else. Thus, nothing can be gained out of an actionRead MoreA Proper Moral Guideline For A Rational Being1664 Words   |  7 Pagesconsequentialism, which is supported by Bentham and Mill, Kantian ethics which is essentially penned by Kant, and virtue ethics, of which Aristotle’s version would be the best example to represent that field of theory. The essence of this argument lies in what the three theories seek in order to understand our moral limits in accordance to positive and negative reaction of such ideas and overall acceptance and application of such theories; with virtue ethics being the basis of the argument contribu te toRead MoreThe Ones Who Walk Away From 1861-1865, By Ursula K. Le Guin1666 Words   |  7 Pagesgrey subject of the needs of the many versus the needs of the few. The two philosophers who ideas will be used to help understand and reason with this subject are Kant and Mill. Immanuel Kant, the father of modern philosophy, argued for deontological ethics, in which mortality is based on duty and obligation. Conversely, John Stuart Mill, a famous 19th century philosopher, supported and revised the idea of Utilitarianism, a belief in which morality is based on which action yields the greatest quality

Financial Analysis Hershey Corp. Tootsie Roll...

Financial Analysis: Hershey Corp. Tootsie Roll Industries Financial Analysis: Hershey Corp. Tootsie Roll Industries Hershey and Tootsie Roll are both companies in the confection industry. We compared both companies for the years 2004, 2005, and 2006 against each other and against the industry averages in order to make a decision about which company we would choose to invest in. The comparisons we used to make our decision were ratios for liquidity, solvency, and profitability. As a result of our analyses, we have chosen the Hershey Company. Liquidity Liquidity ratios measure short-term ability of the company to pay its maturing obligations and to meet unexpected needs for cash (Kimmel Weygandt, Kieso, 2007, p. 74). The†¦show more content†¦Inventory Turnover The inventory turnover ratio measures the number of times on average the inventory sold during the period; computed by dividing cost of goods sold by the average inventory during the period (Kimmel et al, 2007, p. 292). This indicates how quickly a company sells its goods and a high ratio suggests that management is reducing the amount of inventory on hand, relative to sales (Kimmel et al, 2007, p. 287). Hershey declined in all three years from 5.0907 in 2004 to 4.8872 in 2006. However, Tootsie Roll increased from 4.6632 in 2004 to 5.2191 in 2006. Both companies are above the industry average of 4.2. We have concluded that Tootsie Roll has a higher inventory turnover rate than Hershey. In addition, Tootsie Roll is reducing the amount of inventory on hand, relative to sales. Days in Inventory (Average Age of Inventory) Days in inventory is a measure of the average number of days inventory is held; calculated by dividing 365 by inventory turnover ratio (Kimmel et al, 2007, p. 292). Hershey increased over all three years from 71.6994 days in 2004 to 74.6856 days in 2006. Tootsie Roll declined from 78.2717 days in 2004 to 69.9356 days in 2006. Both companies are above the industry average of 52 days. However, we have concluded that Tootsie Roll is reducingShow MoreRelatedHershey vs. Tootsie Roll - Ratio Analysis1030 Words   |  5 PagesFinancial Statement Analysis Project--Hershey Corp. Tootsie Roll Industries Liquidity Based on the ratio analysis performed, it appears that the Hershey Company’s liquidity is sufficient to meet cash needs and current obligations. The current ratio and current debt coverage ratios were decreasing from 2002 through 2004, which corresponds to an increase in short-term debt and a decrease in cash on the Company’s balance sheet over the same periods. Hershey attributes the increase in debt toRead MoreAccounting 1-4 Chapter100452 Words   |  402 Pageschapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ââ€"  the navigator ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  âÅ"“ Scan Study Objectives Read Feature Story Scan Preview Read Text and Answer Do it! p. 5 p. 11 p. 18 p. 20 Work Using the Decision Toolkit Review Summary of Study Objectives Work Comprehensive Do it! p. 23 Answer Self-Test Questions Complete Assignments Go to WileyPLUS for practice and tutorials Read A Look at IFRS p. 42 study objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1 Describe the primaryRead MoreChapter 4 Income Statement14931 Words   |  60 Pages4 Income Statement and Related Information ASSIGNMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE (BY TOPIC) Topics 1. Income measurement concepts. Questions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 18, 28, 31, 32, 33 1 1, 2, 7 Brief Exercises Exercises Problems Concepts for Analysis 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 2. Computation of net income from balance sheets and selected accounts. Single-step income statements; earnings per share. Multiple-step income statements. Extraordinary items; accounting changes; discontinued operations; prior

Soap Lab Free Essays

The goal of this laboratory project was to test which ingredient (fat oil) makes for the best soap using the properties of fats/ oils. Another goal was to test the soap, detergents, and their waste water to decide which is the most effect eve and environmentally friendly. The group was also to determine what was causing t he scum after washing and figure out a solution to stop it. We will write a custom essay sample on Soap Lab or any similar topic only for you Order Now Experimental Design To achieve the above goals, four different types of soaps and two detergents were made with certain ingredients and the desirable properties were taken onto account. The waste water of each soap and detergent was titrated to determine en how the waste water would affect the environment. To make four different types o pop, we used ;o oils, vegetable oil and olive oil, and two fats, shortening an d lard. 10 ml of the oils and log of the fat were obtained in a mill beaker. 15 ml of 6 M sodium hydroxide and about 1 ml of glycerol were added to each ingredient drop by drop then mixed thoroughly with a glass rod. The solution was then heated with a heating plate to boiling until it became pasty. After the pas tee cooled, 50 ml of saturated sodium chloride solution and ice was mixed into t he solution. The soap was then filtered using suction filtration and washed with t ml portions of cold water. Each filtrate was saved separately. Two methods ere used for making detergents. The first method required 4 ml of laurel alcohol t o be placed in a mill beaker. While stirring, 2 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid w added to the beaker. While to mixture sat for 10 minutes another mill BEA Kerr was filled with ice, log of sodium chloride, and water until the total volume w as 75 ml. Then, in a ml beaker, 5 ml of 6 M sodium hydroxide and 10 ml of watt were mixed. Four to five drops of phenolphthalein to the sodium hydroxide solution. After the 10 minutes, the sodium hydroxide solution was added to t he sulfuric caudally alcohol mixture until the pink color produced by the honorableness faded. The solution was poured into the saltwater bath an stirred until the clumps were broken up. The second detergent was made AC Roding to method II. 5 ml of laurel alcohol was carefully added to 5 ml of concentrate sulfuric acid. In another beaker, 3 drops Of phenolphthalein was added to 10 ml of 6 M Noah. Then, the acidic solution of laurel alcohol was added to the Noah solution with constant stirring until the pink color faded. Both detergents were e filtered using vacuum filtration and saved for the following weeks tests. The following week, solubility, cleaning, and lathering tests were performed o determine which soap and detergent cleaned the best. The wastewater WA s also analyzed from the processes of making the soaps and detergents. In addition, the contaminants and the environmental impact of the wastewater were identified deed. After these tests were conducted, the group had to decide which soap or detergent would be best for the environmental group to use. To test the solubility of each soap and detergent, appeased clumps of each were added to ml of water, acetone, an ethyl acetate. To test the cleaning abilities of each soap and detergent, a wet paper towel was used with samples of each soap and detergent to clean a dirty spot he lab counter. Cleaning abilities were measured by the amount of residue a ND dirt left behind. Lathering of the soap and detergents were tested by adding Pease zed clumps of each to water and determining how many bubbles were produced. The more bubbles that were produced, the better the lathering was. To test the contaminants and environmental impact of the wastewater we used titration. Sing 5 ml filtrate of our vacuumed filtering and 45 ml of H2O the group first tested t pH of each filtrate. If a pH over 7 was found the group slowly added HCI and t drops were counted by a sensor and the initial and final volumes were also re order from the burette. If a pH under 7 was found, then Noah was added to the filter ate. The most environmentally friendly wastewater was determined based on the volume of iterant added. A lower volume of iterant was more desirable because it me ant that the wastewater could be more easily neutralized. The final week, the best soap’s and detergent’s solubility was tested in different types of water. Well water, pond water, and tap water are the waters that were used. Then, the pond water and well water were tested for contaminant s. If the water contained calcium ions, DEED was added to the water to get rid of them he water was acidic, the base Noah was added to neutralize the water. How to cite Soap Lab, Papers

Psychoanalytic Theory and Subjectivity †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Psychoanalytic Theory and Subjectivity. Answer: Introduction Readers are informed of how Esther created an enthralling and compelling picture of a teenager undergoing her worst nightmare. This is because she was fighting against the identity of being called Esther. Based on some parts of novel such as I am not Esther. Im Kirby and in the second quote Im Kirby, I yelled. Im not Esther, for Gods Sake. When her mother informs Esther that she is going away and that she is going to leave her with relatives that she has not heard off, she becomes disappointed especially when she learnt that they belonged to strict religious cult (Beale, 2004). Her devastation arises from the fact that she is forced to change her name from Kirby to Esther and she is also forced to adhere to a severe set of social standards which have been put in place by the strange cult. It is quite apparent that there are rules which Esther is supposed to follow and among them is rule number 10 which quoted here A Daughter respects her elders. She is modest. She does not draw attention to herself Through this quotation, it is apparent that Aunt Naomi was telling Kirby (Esther) new rules to ensure that she lived by The Rule. This is clearly freedom of both identity and expression. About Uncle Calebs assertion that The women of our faith always dress with modesty (Sly, 2004). This is a clear indicator that Esther is forced to wear the garments that she is not comfortable with. Based on the above reading, it is quite apparent that the issue of identity has highly manifested itself. References Beale, F. (2004). I am not Esther. Disney-Hyperion. Sly, C. (2004). Re-membering the self: psychoanalytic theory and subjectivity in adolescent fiction. Papers management: Explorations into Children's Literature, 14(1), 40.