Keats poetry reflects Essay

Q. Rich Sensuousness, well-wrought form and depth of thought are characteristics of Keats poetry. By means of a comparative study examine how Keats poetry reflects these features.  A. The three main odes I will discuss are: Ode to autumn, Ode on Grecian Urn and Ode to Melancholy. The Odes bring to perfection Keats’s command of form and richly meaningful use of the English Language.  Melancholy -which today perhaps he called depression- was a state at which Keats was very familiar. The inspiration of the Ode came from a book on the subject by Burton who proposed various remedies to alleviate the ‘melancholy fit’. The first stanza of the Ode emphatically rejects these remedies, which induce oblivion and associate melancholy with thoughts of death. They numb the sense and dull the keen edge of the melancholic experience. The â€Å"rosary of yew-berries† can be easily pictured, the sinister berries of the tree that symbolizes death strung together for the purpose of counting one’s prayer. Keat begins the second stanza by referring for the first time in the poem to melancholy as a disease, a â€Å"fit† (line eleven) whose onset is as sudden as a spring shower. The lush imagery of lines twelve and fourteen quickly lures attention away from melancholy to the marvel of an April rain, yet the poet is all the while at work characterizing melancholy itself by means of this extended simile. To follow the cure for Melancholy in the final lines of the second stanza is to plunge into a series of sensuous impressions so brilliantly and attractively evoked that they make one forget that this is a kind of medicine. The poet commands us to glut first on the rose; then on the rainbow momentarily created as a wave breaks in the sunlight on the sea; and again on flowers, now the blooms of the peony. The lines containing these commands are heavy with synaesthesia, one of Keats favorite stylistic devices, which consist in mingling the impressions of two or more senses into a single image. The rose, for instance, is obviously a delight to see and to smell, but this is a mourning rose, a blossom at its freshest and best, and the poet bids us to enjoy it so completely as to taste it. Indeed, the word â€Å"taste† is too weak, and instead Keats uses â€Å"glut†, experience. He likewise invokes several senses to stimulate us to a more intense enjoyment of the peony’s bloom by touch as well as by sight. In the last three lines of stanza Keats turns his attention intensity of natural beauty to the intensity of feminine beauty. Almost as if alluding to the clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ that women are most beautiful when angry, the poet chooses the moment in a love affair when emotion is at a very high peak. To evoke the force of such an experience, he engages in this one complex of imagery four of the five senses: touch, â€Å"emprison her soft hand†: hearing, â€Å"let her rave†, sight, â€Å"her peerless eyes†; and taste, â€Å"feed deep, deep.† Keat uses these techniques so that the reader is fully involved with the poem as he forces us to work through this lush imagery. â€Å"She dwells with beauty- beauty that must die† – we know see why Keats turns Melancholy to beautiful things: it is inevitable decay of beauty, which is at the core of Melancholy. Not only does the imminet passing of beauty and joy give rise to melancholy but at every moment the pleasurable experience turns to one of pain or satiety. Thus pleasure and pain, joy and sorrow, are immediately linked belonging even to the selfsame experience. A series of powerful images enforces these ideas: Joy always on the point of departure, the bee’s nectar turning to poison, the veiled goddess of Melancholy enshrined in the temple of delight, the bursting of Joy’s grape, whose taste turns out sadness. If the Ode on Melancholy sags a little in the stanza two is certainly prevented from collapse by the vigor and vividness of stanzas one and three. The third stanza is full of images suggesting life and activity such as the figure of Joy caught at a moment of arrested action and the bee at work, culminating in the energetic act of bursting a grape with ‘strenuous tongue’. The ‘taste’ images, too, suggest the physicality of the experiences of pleasure and joy. In on a Grecian Urn, the subject is a marble urn with scene in relief running around it; it has been shown that the urn here described was not one actually seen, but a creation of Keats’s imagination. The mysterious and beautiful opening lines at once give rise to several ideas: the stillness of the urn, its remaining unspoilt, thought holding out a promise of delight.  Ã¢â‚¬ËœWhat men or gods are these? What maidens loth?’. The urns power lies in its appealing to the imagination rather than the senses; sensual experience is always reaching after, or being set against, an ideal of which it falls short: ‘ Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard/ Are sweeter; therefore, ye soft pipes, play on;/ Not to the sensual ear, but, more endear’d/ Pipe to the spirit ditties of no tone: The figures on the urn have a sort of ideal existence because they are frozen at a moment of the time and so are immune from life’s vicissitudes: ‘†¦nor ever can those tress be bare; Bold lover,.. For ever wilt thou love and she be fair.’  The unchanging happiness of the figures is emphasized in stanza three by the repetition of words and phrases: ‘happy’, ‘for ever’, ‘move’, even though their passion is unsatisfied their state far transcends that of mortals for whom satisfaction turns pleasure into safety. Stanza four introduces a new scene (as if the urn were being turned round). The first scene was wild and ecstatic, suggesting Bacchanalian rites; this one is serene in comparison, showing a formal procession to make sacrifice. The almost frenzied questions of stanza one contrast sounds are suggestive of tranquility.  The poet helps us to understand what he has in mind. The pipes on the urn sound â€Å"not to the sensual ear† but â€Å"to the spirit†. It is significant that Keats does not use a more literally precise word like â€Å"physical† to describe the ear. â€Å"Sensual† (like â€Å"physical†) refers to the body, but it also connotes excessive indulgence, particularly in sexual pleasure, and moral disapproval. Keats then uses this tension between sense and spirit to add one more layer to this tissue of paradox.

Modern Cinema Is a Boon Essay

Cinema is a major source of recreation in most countries of the world especially in India where the majority of people live below poverty line. It provides us with entertainment and sometimes educates us too. Depending on the quality of films produced by the directors, one could label cinema as a curse or a boon. Bombay is the main centre of film city. Films are mainly produced in Bombay. There are hundreds of them produced every year. India is known to be the highest producer of movies in the world. Indian cinema provides us with a good view of the glamour and glitter of the affluent Indian society and also the poverty and misery in the slums of this country. Hence, it more or less, with a few exceptions, presents a fairly authentic picture of the lives of Indians. It educates the public with the help of stories that depict conflicts between the good and the evil in our society. There is some sort of a moral lesson behind these stories and the society is often greatly influenced by these values. Some of the stars acting in film become role models for the youth who are usually quite impressionable at their age. Hence, a great responsibility lies with the makers of cinema. They have to form their ideas after careful research and thinking and the public too has to be able to sift out the best from the film, if at all they want to be influenced. But the cinema can become a curse when the movies are full of mindless sex and violence. This could colour the mind of the young boys and girls who watch these movies with great interest. Cinema can become an addiction and these films could sometimes distract the youth so much that they might lose interest in their studies and other work that requires serious concentration. Cinema has an attraction that one often finds young boys and girls getting so attracted to the cinema that they begin to harbour a craze about joining the film industry themselves. Very few talented people make a name for themselves in the tinsel world and quite a few unfortunate ones waste many a precious year trying to make it big in that world of money and glamour. The cinema can remain a boon for us as long as those who view it keep a balance between what they believe in and what the cinema may be thrusting down their throats. Cinema should be enjoyed and used as a means of correct entertainment and education.

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 32

Journal - Essay Example The way an individual interprets his/her existence and the different formation phases actually impacts his outlook towards the entire world in addition to the decision making styles, key interests, social activities and the overall attitude. For instance, if a person believes that everything in the universe came by itself, then such an individual will most probably project a careless attitude towards the world and people around him. I personally believe that the whole mankind and everything that resides in the universe cannot come into existence by mere chance or through big bang. Moreover, such a concept is actually the rejection of complex scientific theories. For instance, consider Newton and the law of gravity. Newton initially realized that nothing can move without a preexisting force and later he figured out that the downward movement of an apple was caused by the earth’s gravitational force. When a simple fruit cannot fall on the earth without a gravitational force then how can the entire universe be formed without a preexisting power. This substantiates the fact that in order to create something there has to be a preexisting force which causes the later events. Same is my belief that the world did not came into being all by itself, rather some already existing power caused this massive creation. Although the modern world has failed to recognize the supreme authority of the universe but I believe that someone has built this world and therefore the mankind unquestionably comes under His control which actually makes people accountable for their wrong deeds. All such believes about a preexisting force leads towards the concept of God. When initially God created us, He also gave us the direction towards living a successful and peaceful life and therefore He sent different Prophets in different era. Hence as human being one should lead the life prescribed by God through Prophets and the Holy

How is goodwill impairment driven by relative firm performance Research Proposal

How is goodwill impairment driven by relative firm performance Evidence from Germany - Research Proposal Example Hence, they are obtained as excess cost of the acquired entities over the fair value of liabilities and assets (Ding, Richard and Stolowy, 2008). The concept â€Å"goodwill† was first introduced by Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) during June 2001 with the help of statement of Financial Accounting Standards (141 and 142) under the rules and regulations of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) of the United States (i.e. US GAAP) (Wiese, 2005). However, there was modification in the issuance of the concept during 2004. It was revised for international convergence, which actually took place after four years. Churky (2005) had studied the relevance and appropriateness of new standards related to goodwill impairment with the help of test market valuation, which discovered that there is evidence for weak impermanent of the goodwill. Further, research was done by Devalle and Rizzato (2012) focussing on the quality of mandatory disclosure that is related to the goodwill impairment. Their research identified that there was low disclosure index and huge difference between stock market performances. Vichitsar awong (2007) had also studied the relevance of goodwill impairment by examining relative efficiency of the companies in the US. His study revealed that goodwill impairment identifies decrease in comparative efficiency of the companies. The study aims at deciphering the relationship that is developed by Vichitsarawong (2007) with respect to goodwill impairment; however, in this research, emphasis has been given on European realities Germany. The main reason for selecting Germany for the research lies in the fact that it is the largest economy in the European nation. It also presents the highest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the nation over the past years. The commercial and accounting policies of

Constitutional Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Constitutional Government - Essay Example For example, federalism allows the national and local government to come together and formulate polices that may be used to regulate how the activities will be executed. However, during the policy making process the level of power and control between the national and local government is not equal, the national government may have more scope to exercise its authority and powers over the national government. A good example of a country that employs corporative federalism is the United States. The theory of federalism emerged after the Second World War and great depression that substantially affected the United State economy and the world at large (Schütze, 2009). The theory of cooperative federalism utilizes a comparison of the marble cake whereby, there is overlapping of responsibilities between the federal government and the state government. One of the major areas where there are such overlapping is on the area like education, security, finance to mention just but a few. For example, the state/local government was give given the mandate to determine the level of qualification among teachers as well as set standards for learners among different students. Any interference by the federal government on education affairs was faced with a lot of criticism by the affected parties. Under the theory of cooperative federalism the state had the powers and authority to supply funds to support education and security at the local level but was not suppose to interfere with administrative duties/responsibilities (Schütze, 2009). . On the contrary, the theory of dual federalism was established via the tenth constitutional amendment. The theory entails a system of governance where the national government is concern with foreign affairs while the state government are directly involved in managing and ruling citizens. Unlike cooperative federalism where authority and powers between the state and federal government are not

Do Judges Make the Law or Find it Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Do Judges Make the Law or Find it - Essay Example An older dimension of the ideology that judges do not make law is captured in saying that judges find or declare law but do not make it.2 The question of whether judges make law or find and the arguments relating to this question is hinged on the roles of the three major organs of the government; the executive, judiciary, and legislature. It is argued that the legislative branch of the government has the mandate of creating the law.3 Nonetheless, it is true that the executive branch can make the law through executive orders which operate as law, and so can the judiciary branch make the law. While it is generally known that the judiciary is mandated to interpret law, it has over the years asserted its authority and has established itself as an equal branch of the government that can make law.4 Case law is a common example of the law that is created by the court system or the judiciary. Case law can be defined as the sum of body of cases that creates a body of law or jurisprudence on a certain subject distinct from legislations and other sources of law. Case laws interpret regulations, constitutional provisions, and statutes. Strasbourg jurisprudence recognized the powers of the courts to make laws.5 In R v Governor of HMP Brockhill Ex parte Evans (2000), it was held that even in the criminal law, the domestic courts can develop law through judicial interpretation of a case or more.6 So, are judges really law makers or are merely law finders? The fact that the main role of the judges is to interpret and apply existing law in a particular case is undisputable. Therefore, judges are supposed to find any existing law that is relevant to a case at hand and apply it to make legal decisions. In this case it can be said that judges are law finders rather than being law makers because they have to find law.7 The doctrine of separation of powers stipulates that each branch of the government should not interfere with the mandate and roles of the other branch and each branc h should be allowed to operate independently. In this respect, the court system should interfere with the legislature’s role of making the law.8 Instead, it should preoccupy itself with the role of interpreting the law. However, it is an appreciated fact within the legal fraternity that the legal system is dynamic and keeps on developing and so does the role of the judges. As such, it is expected that the role of the judges should not be confined only to finding laws and applying them, but rather to make law where necessary and leave their own legal imprint in the legal system.9 In common law countries, the case law left behind by the judges is used in applying to other cases that relate to the previous ones based on the doctrine of judicial precedent. It has been argued to a greater extent that the doctrine of judicial precedent is an indirect way in which judges make law.10 In common law countries and democratic states, the role of judges is perceived to be active and creat ive rather than passive. This explains why they have a special place in the judiciary branch of government. Apart from being expected to interpret the law, they are also expected to contribute towards the growth of the legal system of their countries through their knowledge, skills, experience, and creativity.11 Whereas the

The Relationship of Employee Motivation, Overall Satisfaction, and Thesis

The Relationship of Employee Motivation, Overall Satisfaction, and Turnover Intent among Petrochemical Companies in Saudi Arabia - Thesis Example The present study set out to determine which motivational factors influence the overall satisfaction of employees working in Saudi Arabia. The literature review comprised of relevant papers, seminal papers unpublished texts written by known authors and published texts books, which help to strengthen the issues raised. Questionnaires were developed and administered. Thesis use a quantitative research approach, specifically utilizing a survey in gathering primary data for ascertaining the motivators of employees working in petrochemical companies in Saudi Arabia. The thesis incorporated a study that was conducted on 152 employees from different petrochemical companies in Saudi Arabia to find out the most motivational tools preferred by workers and the types of problems commonly being experienced by the employees in the organization. In the thesis, hypotheses were formulated and tested. The analysis from the empirical findings showed that the intrinsic factors which predicted the overall satisfaction of these workers include ability utilization, achievement, activity, independence, and social status. Additionally, it was found that the extrinsic factors which predicted overall satisfaction are co-workers and compensation. Thesis confirms that effectively motivating employees can greatly help in achieving short and long-term goals of a company and employee motivation is a vital factor and is crucial to good organizational management. A satisfied employee is more committed and loyal to a company, thus motivational factors can also influence organizational commitment and reduce turnover rates among petrochemical companies in Saudi Arabia.... Thesis use a quantitative research approach, specifically utilizing a survey in gathering primary data for ascertaining the motivators of employees working in petrochemical companies in Saudi Arabia. The thesis incorporated a study that was conducted on 152 employees from different petrochemical companies in Saudi Arabia to find out the most motivational tools preferred by workers and the types of problems commonly being experienced by the employees in the organization. In the thesis, hypotheses were formulated and tested. The analysis from the empirical findings showed that the intrinsic factors which predicted the overall satisfaction of these workers include ability utilization, achievement, activity, independence, and social status. Additionally, it was found that the extrinsic factors which predicted overall satisfaction are co-workers and compensation. Thesis confirms that effectively motivating employees can greatly help in achieving short and long-term goals of a company and employee motivation is a vital factor and is crucial to good organizational management. A satisfied employee is more committed and loyal to a company, thus motivational factors can also influence organizational commitment and reduce turnover rates among petrochemical companies in Saudi Arabia. Finally managers play an important role in motivating employees and making sure that they are happy, and motivating employees is one of the most enduring and difficult challenges of a manager. Since motivation affects and influences employees variably, the study has provided specific input for petrochemical companies, as regards which factors they should focus on to encourage overall satisfaction and preclude the resignation of their employees. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My gratitude first goes to the

Design, Drawing and Practical Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design, Drawing and Practical Skills - Essay Example This it does by providing the describing the conceptual structure and empirical design. The document further applies the knowledge and skills for executing or developing product effectively and efficiently. Effective design specification gives a clear understanding of the objective of the project and helps identify the constraints involved. It further assists the design concept by allocating the required tools and resources for the whole project. It can help in installing checkpoints and regulations and ensuring the quality of the product by tracking progress (Landa 2011, p78). The required tools for the multi design include design requirement description and the work plan or the enterprise framework of the design, which carries the principles, policies and the regulation guiding the processes. It is vital for the team members of the design team have the guide that enables them get solution to their queries. The design specification document assists in the identification of the risks projected and ways of minimizing their chances of occurrence. Effective Project management in a multi-disciplinary design team is essential as it guides the activities in the project, in line with the available time and resources. Without a systematic project management framework, it is possible that the some tasks will take unnecessarily longer durations to complete, or may consume more resources. There are many project management tools as presented in the list below, Each of the tools is applicable in different project environments and specific nature of projects. Activity network for example applies in projects where the calculation of the critical path is required. Gantt chart is necessary where the sequence of activities, resources consumed and the time spent in each task is required. It also presents a graphical representation of the project activities. Work schedule is very simple as it contains the timing of each task

Microeconomics (EC2021C) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Microeconomics (EC2021C) - Essay Example This paper focuses on the costs of a rise in minimum wage, the benefits of a rise in minimum wage and finally the effect of a rise in the minimum wage when the labor market is monopsonistic. The paper discusses the effect of this rise on the supply and demand curve on labor, effect on price, effect on the standard of living and how this increase will lead to unemployment and increased outsourcing in other lower minimum wage countries. We first analyze the effect of an increase in minimum wage rates on the supply and the demand for labor in a competitive market, in a competitive market demand increases when wages decline and demand declines when wage rates increase. Supply of labor increases when the wage rates rise, and that supply of labor decline when wage rates are reduced, therefore an increase in minimum wage rates will increase supply and reduce demand. From the above chart an increase in the minimum wage will lead to an increase in the supply of labor, the rationale behind this increase is because as minimum wage increase then more workers will be willing and also encouraged to work more labor hours and therefore supply of labor will increase. Considering that labor is factor of production ... t labor is factor of production and that firms will consider labor as a production cost then if the cost of labor increases then firms will demand less of labor, this can also be explained by the fact that firms will determine the optimal production point using the budget line and the isoquants, therefore an increase in cost of labor will lead to substitution of labor for capital and therefore less labor will be demanded, the diagram below demonstrates the effect of this increase on labor demand: From the above diagram it is evident that an increase in minimum wage will lead to a decline in the demand for labor, therefore this will result into less employment in an economy. Benefits of increased minimum wage: Standard of living: An increase in minimum wage will result into an increase in living standards, workers will now be paid higher wage rates and for this reason there will be a rise in living standards, this will be realized because workers will now have a larger disposable income and therefore can afford more in the economy. Motivation of workers: Workers in the economy will be more motivated, according to various studies increased wages result into increased motivation and therefore increased productivity of labor, when productivity of labor increases then the firm will benefit because the firm becomes more productive. Economic growth will also be realized due to increased productivity of laborers in the economy and therefore higher growth. Increased consumption: When minimum wage is increased consumers will experience a rise in their income, a rise in the income level also signifies a rise in the consumer disposable income, therefore as disposable income increases there will be a rise in the consumption levels in an economy. This will benefit the economy

Analysis on the Metamorphosis by applying physical or mental illness Essay

Analysis on the Metamorphosis by applying physical or mental illness to Gregor - Essay Example Gregor was initially concerned about the nature of his job, observing that it was always demanding, due to the requirements to travel every day, face irregular train connections and eat bad food. However, of great concern is the fact that Gregor had â€Å"worries about†¦temporary and constantly changing human relationships which never come from the heart† (Kafka, 4). This is a simple indication that Gregor was not actually fascinated by the nature of the interactions that he had in the course of his job. It is this lack of appreciation of the social interactions that is characteristic of the attempts to avoid social interactions, which is a symptom of Avoidant Personality Disorder. The other aspect of Gregor that is characteristic of the disorder is the fact that he did not want to be associated with the others unless he was certain that he would be accepted. This nature of caution is attributable to the Avoidant Personality Disorder, which is symptomatic of a person avoiding any form of communication and interaction with the rest of the people, unless he/she is assured that the other people will like him or her (Johansen, et al., 518). In this respect, when Gregor’s family and the office manager came to check on Gregor after he had delayed to come out of his bedroom, he did not instantly wish to communicate to any of them, unless he was sure they would not reject him because of his new monstrous insect status. Thus, when his sister Grete whispered at his door that the office manager was there, the response was; â€Å"‘I know,’ said Gregor to himself. But he did not dare make his voice loud enough so that his sister could hear† (Kafk a, 14). This behavior is characteristic of avoiding interaction with others until at least some assurance would be given that he would be accepted in his new status. Showing restraint to intimately close relationship is yet another symptom of the Avoidant Personality Disorder

Solomon, Consumer Behaviour Essay Example for Free

Solomon, Consumer Behaviour Essay When we say personality, actually everyone can understand what it is meant to be but actually it is hard to define a formal description of â€Å"Personality†. One answer can lie in the concept of personality, which refeers to a person’s unique psychological make up and how it concsistently influences the ay a person’s responds to his/her environment. From now on when we say â€Å"Personality†, we mean all of the distinctive, consistent and structured relations between an individual ‘s inner and outer environment. Personality is also be described as â€Å" the particular combination of emotional, attitudinal, and behavioral response patterns of an individual† Some psychologists may argue that the concept of personality may not be valid. Many studies find that people do not seem to exhibit stable personalities. Because people do not necessarily behave the same way in all situations, they argue that this is merely a convenient way to categorize people. It’s a bit hard to accept because we tend to see others in a limited range of situations and so they do appear to act consistently. Marketing strategies often include some aspect of personality. These dimensions are usually considered in conjunction with a person’s choice of leisure activities, political beliefs, aesthetic tastes, and other personal factors that help us to understand consumer lifestyle. Freudian Theories: Who is Sigmund Freud? Sigmund, born Sigismund Schlomo Freud (6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939), was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis. An early neurological researcher into cerebral palsy, aphasia and microscopic neuroanatomy, Freud later developed theories about the unconscious mind and the mechanism of repression, and established the field of verbal psychotherapy by creating psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient (or analysand) and a psychoanalyst. Psychoanalysis has in turn helped inspire the development of many other forms of psychotherapy, some diverging from Freuds original ideas and approach. Sigmund Freud proposed the idea that much of one’s adult personality stems from a fundamental conflict between a person’s desire to gratify his/her physical needs and the necessity to function as a responsible member of society. The id seeks out immediate gratification. The superego is the counterweight to the id. It is a person’s conscience. The ego is the system that mediates between the two. It tries to find ways to gratify the id that are acceptable to society. This is called the Pleasure Principle. Id† is selfish and illogical. It is the â€Å"Party Animal† of the mind. It’s about immidiate gratification. Id operates according to the pleasure principle which our basic desire to maximize pleasure and avoid pain guides our behaviour. Id directs a person’s physical energy toward pleasurable acts without regard for any consequences. â€Å"Superego† is the counterweight to the id. The superego is essentially the person’s consicience. The superego internalizes society’s rules and tries to prevent the id from seeking selfish gratification. Ego† mediates between the id and superego, it acts as a refree in the fight between temptation and virtue. The ego tries to balance these opposing forces according to the reality principle which means it finds way to gratify the id that the outside world will find acceptable. These conflicts occur on an unconcious level , so the person is not necessarily awere of the underlying reasons for his/her behaviour. Freud’s ideas highlights the potential importance of unconscious motives that guide our purchases. Consumer researchers have adapted some of Freud’s ideas. Consumers cannot necessarily tell us their true motivation when they choose products, even if we can devise a sensitive way to ask them directly. The Freudian perspective also raises the possibility that the ego relies on the symbolism in products to compromise between the demands of the id and the prohibitions of the superego. The person channels her unacceptable desire into acceptable outlets when she uses products that signify these underlying desires. This is the connection between product symbolism and motivation: The product stands for, or represents, a consumer’s true goal, which is socially unacceptable or unattainable. By acquiring the product, the person vicariously experiences the forbidden fruit. Phallic Symbols: are male-oriented symbolism that appeals to women. According to Freud’s idea the use of some objects that resemmble sex organs. For example: Cigars, trees, swords, buttons,trains and cars are look alike male sex organs. In addition to those mentioned, tunnels and button holes are symbolysed as female sex organs. Most Freudian applications in marketing relate to a product’s supposed sexual symbolism. For example owning a sports car for a man going through a mid-life crysis is a substitute for sexual gratification. Motivational Research: Motivational research borrowed Freudian ideas to understand the deeper meanings of products and advertisements. The approach assumed that we channel socially unacceptable needs into acceptable outlets including product substitutes. Motivational Research relies on depth interviews with individual consumers instead of asking many consumers a few general questions about product usage. Motivational Researcher probes deeply into each respondents’ purchase motivations. It might take several hours and the respondent can not immediately articulate his/her latent or underlying motives. The researcher can reach these only after extensive questioning and interpretation. Ernst Diechter was a psychoanalyst who trained with Freud’s disciples in Vienna. Dichter conducted in-depth interview studies on more than 230 products. There are both appeals and criticism associated with motivational research.

Online Advertising Methods Applicable to E-commerce

Online Advertising Methods Applicable to E-commerce Introduction We have identified the current online advertising methods applicable to e-commerce. We have conducted a research on the internet by using search engines to identify the latest advertising methods. We have discussed these online advertising methods. We have found 3 online advertising methods. There are Banner and Popup advertising methods, Content Provider advertising methods and Online Marketplace. We have also state the advantage and disadvantage of online advertising methods, the definition of online advertising methods. Online advertising is an advertising method through online to share their product and information to public. This can be legal and illegal according to the law. But online advertising have a very fast efficient and speed because people everyday using computer to search out what is the news. We have few example and we give the definition, advantage and disadvantage. We share banner advertising methods, popup advertising method, Google ads advertising method and Face book advertising method. This few methods bring us much benefit and this makes us have a easier life style. This also helps a lot of business to make their product more popular. Banner Advertising Methods Banner advertising method is defined as a web banner or banner ads are a form of advertising on the World Wide Web, this form of online advertising needs of the ads embedded in Web pages, this is a website to attract traffic police to link to the advertiser website. The advantage of Banner Advertising methods is whether you are an established company or upcoming business entity, you will find that Internet banner advertising is the best way to promote your online businesses. Just like your magazine or newspaper ad to see the Internet banner ads can give you answer, you want from your target market. The ads found in square or rectangular box, which contains some text and pictures. Perhaps the main advantage of banner ads is that you will be able to target market from your response is almost instantaneous. When youre in the newspaper advertisement, readers might be interested in your proposal, but their curiosity, they may not always straight. These people will forget who the ads for some time, you will not get any of their responses. However, Internet banner advertising is different, because the reader will immediately take action to read your ad in their curiosity. In to see your online ad, viewers will click on your banner, and then it will tak e them to your site, you are selling your products and services. The Disadvantage of Banner Advertising is it will be anyone to see or read advertising payment guarantee. This is difficult to assess the effect of advertising, or measures, although can be installed on your website; you can display the source of website traffic, your sites software tools. Discussion as a manager When a cooperate use a banner advertising methods manager must make sure that attention of the title and topic involve in the advertisement to make searchers realize the advertisement is good enough to search. Discussion as a consumer The consumer will be attracted by the decoration or design of the advertisement and the advertisement must include the needs and expectation of consumer. The example of Banner Advertising Methods Popup Advertising Methods The definition of Popup Advertising Methods is a form of online advertising on the World Wide Web intended to attract web traffic or capture email addresses, it works when certain web sites open a new web browser window to display advertisements, the pop-up window containing an advertisement is usually generated by java script, but can be generated by other. The advantage of Popup Advertising Methods is block those program that are illegal to watch and prevent the computer get hack. Visitors can use the certain web sites for free with conditions apply. These programs are incredibly efficient most in the time and can fee advertisers a good deal of money if the ad just isnt reaching the intended target. It can bypass blocker system and can still provide the advertising to your display, whether visitors like it or not. The disadvantage of Popup advertising methods is however pop-up ads can do, in fact, more online users than to identify more harm than good may never resolve any association with the Company and are sources of irritation and inconvenience. Such advertising may also be responsible for the actions as a spasm. Discussion as a manager It is very irritating when the popup advertising appear, sometime even cannot close the popup advertisement. Discussion as a consumer The popup advertisement is very irritating, when doing work, something will popup and interrupt. The example of Popup Advertising Methods Google ads advertising Methods The definition of Google ads Advertising Methods is ad serving applications run by Google Inc, website owners can enroll in this program enable text, image, and video advertisement on their website. These advertisements are administered by Google and generate revenue on either a per-click or per-impression basis. The advantage of Google ads Advertising Methods is it provide simple and easy to understand states, whether you own various website only one account is sufficient. The Google ad is very easy to join and with it is very simple to paste code into your web page or blog, there is no need to mess around with different code for various affiliate programs, and when you are using Google Ad sense you dont have to spend time find advertisers. The disadvantage of Google ads Advertising Method is if someone did say: ads by Google tab click you will not get free publicity, what to Google, the site currently has too many ads are rejected. In addition, Googles statistical data is easy to understand, but sometimes is not enough, far away from reality. By read phonetically, with Google Ads you cant determine the payout rates of the advertisements. Furthermore, websites and blogs that desire to display Google Ads may not include other content targeted and text based ads on the pages displaying Ad words ads. A fatal disadvantage of Google Ads is that they dont say how much is Google Ads partners will receive, you are not able to make any estimation just receiving an unknown share of the revenue. Google Ads does not allow you to share your states with other person. Discussion of a manager It is convenient to do an advertisement on Google website and it will be seen by many people around the world, other than that the companys product or services will be purchase and ask by the consumers. Discussion as a consumer Too many advertisements had affected the focus when working, it should be improve. The example of Google Ads Advertising Methods is Facebook Ads Advertising Methods The definition of Facebook Ads Advertising Methods Facebook ads are a growing number of people online business advertising and Facebook is actually a real participation in paid advertising platform. Sign up for Facebook, the solid and the establishment of ad creative is what is in store for you in the balance of this article. The advantage of Facebook Ads Advertising Methods is reaching your target customers. Facebook is connecting with more than 500 million potential customers and we can choose our audience by location, age and interests. It is a test simple image and text-based ads and use what works. This can increase our relationship and build a community around your business. It also can control our budget like set the daily budget we are comfortable with, adjust our daily budget at anytime. The disadvantage of Facebook Ads Advertising Methods is you must direct to know each other or search from our friend only can know this people or product. Someone can block you to prevent see their profile without agreement. And also that someone will use hacking program to hack your account. The security system is not very strong. Discussion of a manager When company use this advertisement is a very dangerous to company and it will possible bring bad reputation to company, this is because sometimes is illegal action to commit extortion. Discussion as a consumer It had become a habit to online facebook, so the advertisement at facebook will be seen by many people. The example of Facebook Ads Advertising Methods Conclusion The current online are advertising methods applicable to e-commerce. We may conduct a research on the internet by using search engines or relevant references for example books, newspaper, magazines, etc. this can help to identify the latest advertising methods. Online advertising is popular to public and easy to research for those know to how use computer, but for those does not know how to use computer, they cant do research and does not know how to research by using computer. Online advertising is always using by business man because they feel that this advertising method can provide a very big range of news to the social and public. So when many and many of people know their product. The company will become popular for example, Sony, Samsung, Nokia and etc. they done their very good advertising in online advertising so that is the reason they become popular. The advantage of online advertising is very to use and have a good efficient. But it also have disadvantage when you try to find something on the online advertising, it does not get the answer or it reject the thing you search. In conclusion, online advertising can provide a big range advertising to public and popular and also easy to use for public. This is a very nice methods using online for advertising.

Importance of Site Investigation for Development

Importance of Site Investigation for Development Lolita Misjune Contents (Jump to) Case study Introduction Objectives of the site investigation Procedure Benefits of a Desk Study and ground investigation In-situ test Cone penetration test Laboratory testing Calculations Soil profile Introduction The land on which development takes place has the fundamental influence on the behaviour of the structure which it supports and risks to which the future owners, users and occupiers will be exposed. The adequate investigation of any site is essential to the design of safe and economic foundations and to the detection of any contamination which may be present, with the associated responsibilities for control, protection or removal. Objectives of the site investigation To find out if the site and environment are suitable for target it has been determined. To provide adequate economical and commercial requirements as well as temporary works design. Plan and investigate the best way of construction and what materials are necessary. Predict physical or chemical changes which may occur during work process in site. If there are several possible ways suggest best. Design ways which may cause failure. Procedure The sequence of a site investigation is as follows: Planning Desk Study Site Reconnaissance/ Walk over survey Desk study/Preliminary information An important part in soil investigation is desk study. Collecting preliminary information is invaluable in assessing the requirements of a ground investigation for both environmental and geotechnical purposes. Well performed desk study helps in formulation of investigation work, pointing explicit places of contamination or geotechnical parameters. A well, executed desk study can help to formulate investigation work, targeting specific areas of contamination or geotechnical parameters, concluding in a cost effective and aimed investigation. Site assessment Site inspection Ground investigation Preliminary ground investigation Assessment Main ground investigation Laboratory testing Benefits of a Desk Study and ground investigation Mitigate/minimise risk Understanding of potential variations in ground conditions Can lead to economical design of foundations / geotechnical structures Reduce likelihood of unforeseen ground conditions Reduce chances of delays on site Quantify / qualify risk Accurate forecast of budgets In ground investigation it is possible to design and conduct geotechnical and environmental investigation. Ground investigation work is conducted closely together with clients and engineering team to discuss and provide a cost effective program of exploratory work. There is wide range of exploratory methods available for site ground investigation. Trial Pitting Window Sampling and Dynamic Probe Testing Cable Percussive Boreholes Rotary Drilled Boreholes Laboratory Testing Site work is followed by both geotechnical and chemical testing. For ground investigation in given situation could be used Cable Percussive Boreholes. These are appropriate for most projects. Cable percussive boreholes are a usual method of site investigation. This method offer a cost effective way of drilling within a range of soils varying from low strength alluvium to very stiff over consolidated clays, very weak to weak rock and dense granular soils. Cable percussive boreholes are also proficient of proceeding boreholes in different Made Ground soils, containing engineered fill and landfill materials where obstructions may come across. Using this method can be achieved 50m borehole. Drilling and trial pitting are normally carried out for a number of reasons, such as: to establish the general nature of the strata below a site to establish the vertical or lateral variability of soil conditions verify the interpretation of geophysical surveys to obtain samples for laboratory testing to allow in situ tests to be carried out to install instruments such as piezometers, or extensometers. In-situ test That testing is valuable for soil property information, gaging groundwater pressure, gathering moisture content data and other important data points. In-situ soil testing can be done in a variety of different ways. Depending on place and aim of analysis each test has its own benefit. That is very important for cost effectiveness and data preciseness to determine what test is appropriate for you. In the UK in situ testing is carried out when: Good quality sampling is impossible (for example, in granular soils, in fractured rock masses, in very soft or sensitive clays, or in stoney soils) the parameter required cannot be obtained from laboratory tests (for example, in situ horizontal stress); when in situ tests are cheap and quick, relative to the process of sampling and laboratory testing (for example, the use of the SPT in London clay, to determine undrained shear strength); and most importantly, for profiling and classification of soils (for example, with the cone test, or with dynamic penetration tests). Options for In-Situ Soil Testing Procedures Astandard penetration test Acone penetration test A piezocone penetrometer probe A flat plate dilatometer test Etc. Cone penetration test However, the most precise anddetailed in-situ soil testing for determining a wide variety of technical data is Cone Penetration Testing (CPT), for this reason I would carry on this test in given situation. This test is dynamic, cost effective and has been broadly accepted as a simplified solution that provides useful information. Laboratory testing Laboratory testing is part of the physical survey. As an essential part of site investigation, the need for laboratory tests will often dictate the type and frequency of sample to be taken, and will therefore control the method of forming boreholes In laboratories can be done wide variety of tests which can`t be done in site, however economical side of investigation has an important role. For example more complex tests require a longer testing time and for reasons of time and economy these tests are carried in laboratories. During test can be measured both – direct properties of soil or index properties used to deliver useful information about the soil without taking any direct measurements of property. Laboratory tests are such as Atterberg limits California bearing ratio Hydraulic conductivity tests Expansion Index test etc In given example one used was falling head permeameter test, from results of that were calculated hydraulic conductivity and permeability cofficient. Calculations After performing permeameter test in order to find the vertical permeability of the sand were calculated coefficient of permeability and hydraulic conductivity. L: the height of the soil sample column A: the sample cross section a: the cross section of the standpipe Δt: the recorded time for the water column to flow though the sample h1= hydraulic head on specimen at time t1, cm, h2= hydraulic head on specimen at time t2, cm Nd: number of potential drops Nf: number of flow channels Nd=11-1=10 Nf=3*2=6 Soil profile In soil science and assessment key concept is soil profile. Knowing soil profile helps to investigate processes that have taken in soil development, assess soil features and types of soil which appear and is foundation for their classification. Scientists have developed methods to define the various components and characteristics of the soil profile. Soil profile helps to predict how the soil might be used By using common terminology, soil profile descriptions are valuable for deciding how the soil might be used and/or predicting how the soil might react to its intended use. Soil profiles, a more scientific test, evaluate three critical aspects of the soil that may have the potential to cause an on-site sewage system to malfunction. The texture of soil in area of the proposed on-site sewage system The presence or absence of water saturated soils The depth to an impervious soil layer (rock) All three parameters are used to design the most appropriate on-site system for your property. Bag samples of the predominant soil types encountered shall be collected from selected soil profile borings to provide specimens for engineering classification, moisture-density (standard or modified Proctor), and California bearing ratio (CBR) testing. These samples also consist of soil cuttings generated by the augering process. Care should be exercised not to combine different soil types for the same bag sample. Samples that will be used for a combination of classification, moisture-density, and CBR testing shall be a minimum of 50 pounds. One of methods of determining soil profile is cone penetration method. CPT truck is fast and low-cost method to conduct subsurface examination. Results are available directly, allowing on the fly mapping of stratigraphy and other subsurface features. A CPT sounding is made by pushing a small probe into the ground. Typically, a 3.6-centimeter-diameter probe (cone) is pushed into the ground to depths ranging from 15 to 30 meters. The cone is advanced downward at a constant velocity of 2 centimeters per second, using hydraulic rams that apply the full 23-ton weight of the CPT truck to push the probe rods to depth. In typical CPT soundings, the resistance to penetration is measured. Continuous measurements are made of the resistance to penetration of the tip and the frictional sliding resistance of the sleeve of the cone. Report Preliminary report or feasibility study Planning of main Preliminary report Financial report (Return of investment) Final report Lolita Misjune March 2015

Francis Petrarch: Leader of the Humanistic Movement and Father of the R

Francis Petrarch: Leader of the Humanistic Movement and Father of the Renaissance Before the civic spirit and individuality evident and necessary to the Renaissance came to fruition, there had to have been something to trigger a change in the mentality of the medieval civilization. The medieval manorialism fostered illiteracy and ignorance and a very narrow view of the outside world, people did not question their place, the church, or the need to prepare for the after life. The "awakening" of the Renaissance came after the dawn of a new Roman Empire way of thinking.. Humanism is the intellectual, literary and scientific movement of the 14th to the 16th centuries without which the Renaissance would never have evolved. Humanism is a rediscovery and reevaluation (analysis) of classical civilization and the application of the aspects of this civilization to intellectual and social culture in the current time. It is a blend of concern for the history and actions of human beings, mainly the ancient Greeks and Romans, such as, Cicero, Ceaser, and Augustine, with the belief that man was at the center of the universe. Contrary to Christian teachings, humanist believe that man is subject and creator of his own destiny, governed by ideals of beauty, grace, and harmony and the glorification of individual freedom. These ideas provide the vehicle, in which the transition from medieval thinking of vassalage (servitude) and the afterlife to a return to the principles of the Pax Romana occurred. Christian humanism came to mean individualism and the value of life in the present. Italy, and specifically Florence, is said to have been the birthplace of humanistic thinking and the Renaissance for a variety of reasons. Geography, more ... .... Petrarch and His World. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1963. Donadoni, Eugenio. A History of Italian Literature, Volume 1. New York: New York University Press, 1969. Hollway-Calthrop, Henry. Petrarch: His Life and Times. New York: Putnam's, 1907. Lawall, Sarah, ed. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces, Seventh Edition, Volume 1. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1998. Musa, Mark, ed. Selections from the Canzoniere & Other Works by Francesco Petrarch. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Robinson, James Harvey, ed. Petrarch: The First Modern Scholar and Man of Letters New York: G.P. Putnam, 1898. Symonds, John Addison. "Beginning and Progress of the Renaissance" History of the World, 01-01-92 (obtained online). Wilkins, Ernest Hatch. A History of Italian Literature. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974.

Colombia Vs. Morality :: essays research papers

Colombia is a country wrought with poverty, corruption, and violence. It has gained leader for its drug trafficking and scandalous dealing by the military. Five percent of Colombia, which is 1.9million people, 1.1 million that are children, has been disabled due to the fighting in a four decade old civil war. Colombia has endured vicious conflicts throughout its country in the past 36 years. It is considered to be one of the most violent places in the world, with a murder rate 8 times as much as the United States of America. Colombia is considered an undeveloped country in other words it is a poverty stricken place. Because Colombia is prone to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions it is hard for the poverty stricken areas of Colombia to stay in one place. The corruption comes from the exporting to America. While most things exported to the united states from Colombia are oil, coffee, and fresh cut flowers. Illegally al the real money comes from drug trafficking off copious amounts of cocaine and heroin. In my opinion violence is the most shocking to me. Why should one feel the need to comply with treating a person with simple respect, with giving second thoughts to clubbing them in the head or shooting them point blank? And why do they feel the need to commit unnecessary violence? These human rights standards should be natural for people, not something they have to think twice about to obey it. It is a fact that Colombians are beaten, raped and shot to death by there own military everyday. In the past couple years; the human rights cases against violence amongst civilians have been dropped. Making this actually legal. It shocks me to hear of the violence that engulfs Colombia. With such crimes of miracle fishing (slang for kidnapping), 200 bombs in less then 15 years, everyday assaults, robberies, spiking with scorpions and a murder rate of 77.5 per 100,000 people. The fact that hundreds of police officers, judges, investigators, presidential candies and of course thousands of Colom bian citizens murdered with the attitude of â€Å"So it goes† shows that their nation has been badly damaged, psychologically as well as physically.

The Relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth :: Free Macbeth Essays

The Relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Throughout the play of "Macbeth" written by William Shakespeare there is an on-going relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. This relationship is one of the functions of the play that creates most of the actions, reactions, moods, feelings and attitudes. Macbeth's relationship with his wife was not always great. This is shown in one of there conversations; MACBETH: "We will proceed no further in this business: He hath honour'd me of late; and I have bought Golden opinions from all sorts of people, Which would be worn now in their newest gloss, Not cast aside so soon."(Macbeth,I,vii, ) LADY MACBETH. "Was the hope drunk Wherein you dress'd yourself? hath it slept since? And wakes it now, to look so green and pale At what it did so freely? From this time Such I account thy love. Art thou afeard To be the same in thine own act and valor As thou art in desire? Wouldst thou have that Which thou esteem'st the ornament of life, And live a coward in thine own esteem; Letting "I dare not" wait upon "I would," Like the poor cat i' the adage?"(Macbeth,I,vii, ) In these two quotes we see that there is a disagreement that continues through the entire scene. Macbeth decides that he does not want to murder Duncan and that is final and that the discussion is over. Lady Macbeth on the other hand feels that Macbeth is being a coward and that he should think about what he is doing before he makes up his mind. Slowly throughout the scene Lady Macbeth convinces Macbeth that he should kill Duncan and he finally agrees. This goes to show that the relationship produces a sense of trust and openness. This is due to the fact that Macbeth listens to his wife and finally takes what she has to say into thought and carries through with it. The function of this is to create a sense of hostility amongst the audience. Everyone can't believe that Lady Macbeth is encouraging her husband to kill someone and it really makes them uncomfortable and shifts there mood of love towards Lady Macbeth to hate. This mood of the audience is highened in Act 2 Scene 2 when once again Macbeth has decided that he is going to stop what he is doing although he had already killed Duncan;

Speech on Sleep

According to the research of Dr. James B. Maas, 40% of Americans (100 million people) are moderately to severely sleep-deprived! High school and college students are among the most sleep deprived people in our population. 60% are sleepy during the day and 30% fall asleep in class at least once a week. The average person needs at least seven to nine hours of sleep every night but Many people do not get the sleep they need because their schedules don’t allow adequate time for it and they do not know the negative effects lack of sleep can have on their health and functioning. Today I’m going to inform you on the effects lack of sleep has on our body such as depression, premature skin aging, and Obesity. Shown in a 1997 study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, people who slept less than five hours a night for seven nights felt stressed, sad, and mentally exhausted. Over time, lack of sleep can contribute to the symptoms of depression because Depression results from serotonin imbalance, which regulates mood and sleep. Next I mentioned premature skin aging. When you don’t get enough sleep, your body releases more of the stress hormone called cortisol. In excess amounts, cortisol can break down skin collagen, the protein that keeps skin smooth and elastic, hence premature wrinkles occur with in the skin. Last but not least, weight gain. Lack of sleep increases hunger and appetite. According to a 2004 study by Phil Berman and colleagues, people who sleep less than six hours a day were almost 30 percent more likely to become obese than those who slept seven to nine hours. Not only does sleep loss appear to stimulate appetite, but it stimulates cravings for high-fat and high-carbohydrate foods. To conclude, sleep is a very important key factor to our daily performance. Lack of sleep leads to unwanted conditions like I mentioned depression, premature skin aging, and excessive obesity. Although we all have very busy schedules, there is no way that everyone in this room cant dedicate 7 to 9 hours out of the 24 hours there is in a day to sleep.

Dress for Succes

When I think of the phrase â€Å"Dress for Success! † I think of a person getting ready or preparing for a big job interview. Like when person goes to a job interview wearing a muscle shirt and shorts for a job that requires you to cook food. Or when a person wears super fancy clothes to an interview that requires you to clean bathrooms. â€Å"Dressing for success† is like a guide telling you what you might need to wear to make a good impression. Dress for success means to dress for the occasion. You want to dress for the occasion because you don’t want be out-of-order. An example of this is going to church in pajamas. That is an example of dressing out-of-order. Schools are even making their dress codes better. They don’t want the kids to dress themselves in tank tops and super short shorts. Some girls do that just to fit in. Those girls are dumb. Dressing for success doesn’t only apply to job interviews, but for many other things. If you’re running for long distances, you don’t want your everyday clothes to slow you down. How coul you fix this simple problem? You could get the appropriate clothes for running and it would help you by taking off unneeded weight and make you not get tired as quickly. When you are applying for a job interview, you should look nice. If you want to get a job at a bank, you should wear nice pants and a nice shirt, or a dress. If you are applying for a job at Hot Topic you could probably wear a T shirt from your favorite band and skinny jeans. Avoid too many body piercings though. When you go to a job interview or someones funeral you have to dress with respect. And nice. You don’t want your butt or boobs hanging out. You want people to think your decent and well-behaved. Another example is when you wear a tank top and some booty shorts to school. That’s not a good thing to wear. You got to wear non-distracting clothes. When you come to school you don’t really have to dress for success but you don’t want to come looking a hot mess. Come looking decent. I think dressing for success is important because people will make assumptions about you. If you’re in Wal-Mart and you’re wearing old pajamas with holes in them in all the wrong places, people will think you’re weird. If you’re at a school dance, casual, and you wear a wedding dress, people will think you’re lame and weird. If you go to prom wearing a dressing robe, people will NOT dance with you. When I think of dress for success I think of†¦ Say you wanna go to Adventure. Your friends are dressed in booty shorts and tank tops but there are hundreds of people they’re looking at you, is that really how you wanna dress? People don’t want to see girls in booty shorts walking around at the age of 11 or 12. I think people should dress a certain way. One reason is if you own a fortune 500 company and you wear flip-flops and a tank top. The workers won’t take you seriously.

Gender Essay Essay

During this essay I will be assessing the view that over the recent years the roles of both men and women have changed affecting society and the majority of households. In 1957 Elizabeth Bott as one of the first sociologists to study how the change of leisure, employment and lifestyle affected the roles of husbands and wives. She called these conjugal roles and claimed that there were two main types, segregated and joint. Segregated roles consisted of the splitting of the domestic tasks, where the men took care of the DIY tasks they carried the instrumental role. Women’s tasks consisted of the cleaning, the cooking etc. they carried the expressive role. Joint roles meant the domestic labour within a household as distributed evenly. Willmott and Young studied the symmetrical family offering an alternative perspective on conjugal roles, claiming they had become increasingly similar. It appeared that division of labour based on gender was breaking down. Although, many did support this idea their work was challenged by feminist sociologists such as Ann Oakley. She provided some imperial research which dismissed the view of the sharing caring husband. Oakley based her research on interviews in which she had conducted on 40 married women with 1 or more dependant children. It showed that women saw housework and childcare as their prime responsibility and received little help from their husbands. Whereas Willmott and Young had claimed that 72% of men ‘help in the house’, this figure indicates that husbands only had to perform one household chore a week. Oakley stated that this is hardly convincing evidence of male domestication and women carried a dual burden, they go to work come home a follow out the domestic labour. However this evidence is 30 years out of date, but it does show that the roles of men and women are gradually moving towards equality and the symmetrical family but are still a long way from it. Fiona Devine conducted a small scale study of car worker’s families in Luton indicating that men’s contribution to domestic labour increased when their wives re-entered paid employment. But the man’s role is still secondary; all women remain responsible for childcare and housework where their husband’s merely help them. This evidence clearly shows a pure suggestion of division of labour in most household tasks, although the equality and change indicates the tasks are becoming joint due to women working. To help show this trend another piece of research came into focus by Jonathon Gershuny, in which he analysed data from 1974-1987. It showed a gradual increase in the amount of domestic tasks preformed by men, and this increase is greatest when women are in full-time paid employment. Husbands whose wives worked spent double the amount of time cooking and cleaning. Gershuny concludes that women still bear the main burden of domestic labour, and there is a process of lagged adaptation. He thinks it may take up a generation or more until men catch up and make an equal contribution.

Excellence in Customer Service & Organisations

BSBCUS501C Work Related Project Question 1 Excellence in customer service is the objective of all organisations wishing to be successful. However, there is often a gap between customer expectations and management perceptions of customer expectations. Organisations often fail to get close to their customers and correctly read their expectations. Other reasons for customer service problems include: not listening to or collecting information from customers * poor, or no, focus on the actual design of processes to turn identified customer needs into products and services * gaps between what the organisation intends to produce for its customers and what its systems do actually produce * gaps between what the system is intended to deliver for customers and what it actually does deliver * cost constraints, or failure to set and meet realistic performance standards, which affect what the organisation can actually deliver * poor staff attitudes, training levels and working materials * gaps be tween what salespeople promise and the actual service or product quality Source: Zeithaml, Parasuraman & Berry (1990) In approximately 2000 words comment on these statements. By implementing customer feedback strategies, the organisation will be able to discover the company's strengths and potential weaknesses, as set by the actual customer. Reacting on the feedback in a timely and appropriate manner will increase revenues and customer satisfaction.Although a customer feedback programs will be an added cost in the beginning, long term it will save money for the organisation, as it costs far more money to get new customer’s than keep a satisfied, existing customers. Understanding what customers think of the organisation will improve service delivery and quality of products leading to business sustainability. By conducting market research and analysis of customer’s needs and expectations, an understanding of what the customers think about the organisation can enhance the continuous improvement process within the organisation. Customer perceptions are a subjective assessment of actual service experiences. Customer erceptions and customer expectations play an important role in service marketing and are the standards of performance against which service experiences are compared, and often formulated in terms of what a customer believes should or will happen. Supplying reliability to the customer will have the highest influence on the customer’s perception of quality and ability to perform the promised service effectively with efficiency. Responsiveness from employee’s and the willingness of the organisation to help customers and to provide them with a prompt service to deal with their queries, concerns or complaints will determine how the customer perceives the organisation.Giving the customer assurance and inspiring trust and confidence in the product or service supplied will encourage and support the organisations objectives or goals. Showing the customer empathy, caring and individualized attention during the process will enhance the customer’s individual experience with the organisation. By not knowing what customers expect is one of the root causes of not delivering to the customer their expectations. This is the difference between customer expectations of the service and the organisations understanding of those expectations. Unwillingness to ask customers about their expectations will not address current issues, service providers may think that they know what is best for their customers but without research, information and data, they may well be misaligned.Feedback strategies may include electronic feedback mechanisms using intranet, internet and email, feedback forms, questionnaires, formal or informal surveys and interviews or databases and other controls to record and compare data over time. Market segmentation to understand the needs of the market are important. Market segmentation is the grouping of customers sharing similar requirements, expectations and demographic or psychographic profiles. Segmentation is usually done to understand the needs of customers more elaborately or distinctly. When asking customers for their input or feedback, they need to feel as if their opinions matter, they are more likely to continue supporting the organisation if they feel their feedback has been taken seriously and into consideration.Listening to the customer and acting timely on their feedback is important for the organisation, failing to understand a customer’s needs can result in widespread negative comments about the organisation and the loss of customers and potential customers. By not listening to customers and understanding what they need from a product or service will not allow the organisation to maintain its effectiveness in the market place, producing poor quality products or service and effecting overall profitability for the organisation. Each organisation needs to de velop and establish procedures, standards and guidelines for customer service requirements and communicate these to all staff. By establishing courses of action to accomplish specific goals, utilising information and data obtained through feedback will assist in identifying and acting upon the customer’s needs.These may be established through strategic or action plans that identifies the customer’s need, arranges for, and obtains resources needed to accomplish the desired goals and objectives. By collecting information and data, planning areas for improvement that will improve the final output, will increase the quality of the service or product supplied. Identifying and acting timely on these inputs will ensure a competitive edge is maintained for the organisation. Identifying existing and potential problems or issues and obtaining relevant information about the problem will ensure the specific or root cause of the problem is identified. Once this has been achieved re commendations and corrective actions can be developed and proposed for implementation.By performing a gap analysis to measure the organisations current performance against their desired outcomes can identify areas for improvement. Analysing data and quantifying the information will establish where the organisation currently is and where they need to be. Gaps may exist in various stages of the input process that affects the outcome. Poor quality raw materials or excessively priced materials will directly affect the quality and cost of the final product or service. Gaps may exist in the process and need to be identified promptly. Ensuring all customers internal and external are part of the review process ensures opportunities for improvement are identified and acted upon timely.Gaps or areas for improvement need to be identified so quality products or service can be maintained. Employee loyalty needs to be earned, rather than assumed and this is achieved through commitment and communi cation by the management team. Organisations need to express and act on a commitment to develop employee’s career objectives by introducing initiatives that make employees believe that their current job is the best path to achieving their career goals, delivering customer satisfaction and feeling valued within the workplace. By including opportunities for personal growth and investing in the professional development of people within the organisation will improve outputs.Identifying correct resources and developing well-defined career paths and conducting analyses of current practices will highlight these areas where training, mentoring, and coaching, or areas of improvement are required within the organisation. Establishing effective working relationships among team members and participating in solving problems and making decisions allows employees to be empowered and part of the process, increasing participation levels and drive to complete desired changes. Communication to employees and customers, expressing ideas and information clearly and concisely, sharing information will all assist with accomplishing the goals or vision set out. A common characteristic of successful services is teamwork. A feeling of teamwork is created when employees see other employees and management as key members of the team.The lowest-level employee must feel that management; from their immediate supervisor to the CEO of the company, cares about them and that they are a critical part of the organisation’s success. This is achieved when every employee is involved in the organisation’s decision process and committed to providing a high level of service to customers, the company and to other employees. Cost constraints can affect the quality or price of the final service or product. Good purchasing practices are integral to organisational success. Developing budgets and resource plans, managing materials, equipment or labour will create quality products for custo mers. During the planning process of resource procurement, identifying the need is the first step in the process.Organisations may be required to upgrade the current capacity of buildings or machinery used in the process to meet new orders or upgraded products. Investment funding may be necessary if new plant and facilities are needed. Skills of the workforce may need to be improved or obtained to operate new systems and produce the new product or service effectively. A raw material needs to be assessed for cost and quality as an input. If materials are too highly priced the end product would be too expensive for the consumer, equally, if the materials were of poor quality, the end product may not reach the customers expectation levels, in each case the consumer would be hesitant in purchasing the goods or product.Ensuring a timely supply of raw materials enables the organisation to supply a constant flow of service or product outputs. Healthy cash flow is essential if business is t o respond to changing demands and requirements in any production activity. Quality management of resources bring together all inputs, ensuring that these are timely and consistent that will achieve quality products and an effective, efficient workforce. Employee’s need to understand the needs of the customer and what they actually require. By understanding who the customers are, both internally and externally, and actively listening to the customers to identify their needs, the employees can then check that customer needs have been met.Proactively engaging with customers to understand their needs and gaining feedback will highlight areas for improvement. Employee attitudes can affect an organisation's growth and profitability. Early detection and resolution of employee attitude problems can minimize the effect of poor performance and strained relationships within the workplace. Recent organisational changes may have contributed to changes in employee attitudes that may not ha ve clearly described the role requirements. Employee’s attitudes may have changed based on the availability of resources necessary to perform their job functions or because of poor relationships with supervisors and managers. In some cases, the employee's job functions may be too challenging for their skill set.Training informally or formally utilising mentoring, coaching or external facilitation may be required. To perform their job role according to the organisational standards, employees must have the correct equipment and resources. The equipment needs to be in good condition and the employees must have the knowledge and training to properly use the equipment to enhance the quality of their work. Retaining customers through effective customer service enables easier growth, indirectly and directly by sustaining healthier volumes and margins, and by business expansion from word-of-mouth referrals. An improved level of customer retention through effective customer service al so improves staff morale, motivation and an increased productivity.Improved employee morale and motivation resulting from reducing customer attrition also positively benefits staff retention and turnover. Improving customer service, especially empowering and listening to customer service staff, offers many organisations a bigger return on investment. Employees who follow established procedures and guidelines for customer service and who are committed to customer needs, presenting themselves in a polite manner even under situations of high pressure can quickly attend to the customer’s requirements. Understanding the level of service required ensuring quality procedures are followed in providing services and taking corrective actions where possible to meet the customer’s needs will re-enforce the organisations commitment to service quality.Providing frequent and clear concise communication from management on what is expected and how the service is to be performed will su pport established policies and procedures. Providing employees with constructive feedback to help them understand how the service is to be performed and what management expects from the service, will provide employees with product and service knowledge so they can perform their jobs in a professional manner. Training employees in the correct methods of performing the service and how to communicate effectively with customers, supervisors and with other employees will enhance professionalism within the organisation.The quality of service delivers results in customer satisfaction and their retention, as it reinforces the perception that the value of the service received is greater than the price paid for it. Promises are made to consumers by organisations advertising using sales promotions and sales staff to promote products and services. These promises may be explicitly stated or they may be implied that the organisation can offer these services. If the organisation does not provide t he service that is promised, there is a gap between what customers expect and the service received. To increase customer exposure, organisations are tempted to make promises that may be difficult or even impossible to deliver.Communication through these channels tends to raise customer expectations and set certain standards to assess the service in the minds of customers. Any discrepancy between promised and actual service tends to broaden the customer gap. The tendency to over promise increases with pressure to achieve greater profits or to meet competitive claims. In both cases, severe damage to the organisations image can occur since it is unlikely the organisation can fulfil the service as promised. Each organisation should ensure that what they say they can offer, they will give to the customer as promised. This forms the backbone of the service bundle established by the organisation to achieve expected customer service.

Jessica Johnson v. Wilkinson Manufacturing Essay - 1

Jessica Johnson v. Wilkinson Manufacturing - Essay Example This Act gives an individual the right to receive equal treatment in terms of pay in comparison to members of the opposite gender. However, there must be adequate proof that the claimant does like work, which has been rated to be of a similar value to a person of the opposite sex in the process of job evaluation. In addition, the claimnat has to prove that he or she is doing work of equal value as the member of the opposite sex. Thus Jessica is in a position to claim sex discrimination since she meets the above conditions. Furthermore, the Equality Act 2010 renders sex discrimination illegal. In particular the clause of the Act that prevails in this case is the equal terms-equal pay. Thus Jessica’s renumeration ought to be equal to those of his male counterparts who are employed in the same managerial position as her (Crown et al). The Equal Employment Opportrunity Comisssion (EEOC) is the federal body charged with the responsibility of enforcing breaches against workplace discrimination laws. The EEOC is the agency that handles discrimination complaints based on the complainant’s sex or other factors such as color, religion, nation of origin dependent on the nature of complaint. In addition, the EEEOC is also entitled to file complaints against employers on behalf of employees who have alleged to have been discriminated. Wilikinson manufacturing is practicing sex discrimination. However, there is an available defense, which can prevail; the pay secrecy clause in employment contract which is unimplementable since it is difficult to find out whether the pay difference is associated with a particular characteristic. Therefore, Jessica cannot really tell whether pay difference is due to gender factor or a hidden characteristic secret to Wilkinson Manufacturing (EEOC et al). In this issue Jessica would emerge the victor since the factor, which ought to determine her renumeration is level of work and value of

Windows File System Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Windows File System Comparison - Essay Example The two main categories of file systems used by different Microsoft Windows operating systems are the File Allocation Table (FAT) and the New Technology File System (NTFS). There are different versions of FAT, which are FAT 12, FAT 16, and FAT 32; while for NTFS, there are NTFS or NTFS 4 and NTFS 5. These file systems have many characteristics in common which will be pointed out in the discussion below. The FAT file system is the one being used by Microsoft DOS and older versions of Microsoft Windows. In fact, any version of Windows can have FAT as its file system. When a volume is formatted and the FAT file system is used, a data structure is created by Windows which is used to record the data blocks on the hard drive that are allocated to each file in order for the files to be retrieved at a latter time. FAT is considered to be a simple file system which makes it an ideal file system format for most memory cards and floppy disks. FAT file system is suggested if the computer has two operating systems installed. FAT file system allows file sharing among different operating systems. That is one advantage of using FAT as the start-up partition even for newer computers that have the latest versions of Microsoft Windows. One of the major limitations of the FAT file system is its ability to handle large files and volumes. ... However, its maximum volume limit is 16 MB which is why this is only commonly used in floppy disks. FAT 16 This file system supports all versions of Microsoft operating systems but only allows a maximum volume size of 2 to 4 GB and maximum files of 65,536. The maximum size a file can have is also 2 GB. The standard FAT 16 version only allows 8 characters in the file name and 3 characters for the extension name; whereas with the extended version, it already allows up to 255 characters. FAT 32 The only operating systems that are supported by this file system are DOS 7.0, Windows 98, ME, 2000, and XP. The volume size limit is increased to 32 GB for all operating systems, but in some cases, up to 2 TB. The maximum number of files that can be on a FAT 32 volume is 4,194,304 with a maximum file size of 4 GB less 2 bytes. New Technology File System (NTFS) As Yousef stated, the New Technology File System or NTFS is: An advanced file system that provides performance, security, reliability, and advanced features that are not found in any version of FAT. For example, NTFS guarantees volume consistency by using standard transaction logging and recovery techniques. If a system fails, NTFS uses its log file and checkpoint information to restore the consistency of the file system. In Windows 2000 and XP, NTFS also provides advanced features such as file and folder permissions, encryption, disk quotas, and compression. (2004) Both versions of NTFS have the maximum volume size limit of 2 TB but there is no limit to the number of files that can be stored in the volume, as well as to the file size. NTFS 4 or plain NTFS started with Windows NT 4.0 and can also support Windows 2000, XP and 2003 Server. NTFS 5 also has support for the same

How Culture Affects the Spread Of HIV In the United States Essay

How Culture Affects the Spread Of HIV In the United States - Essay Example It is estimated that over 1 million individuals are living with the virus; despite the aggressive prevention and education efforts that are underway to try and curb the spread of this virus. The socio-cultural norms that surround most communities need to be addressed so as to ensure that every individual is well-versed on the issue (Organista 43). This paper will examine the extent to which culture is affecting the spread of this virus, and what is being done to ensure that its spread is curbed before it is too late for all those affected or infected. Issue of concern There is a saying that arises whenever there is the mention of the HIV virus that goes; one is either infected or affected by this strain of infection. It is true to assume that one can be close to someone that has acquired the virus, or one could also be a victim. Among the Latino and African American communities, the spread of the virus is said to be higher than that experienced in other communities in the U.S. This i s especially among the young people who are constantly engaging in risky sexual activities (Organista 52). The unawareness of their status could be one of the main reasons why the spread is much higher in these communities. The spread of this virus is on the rise due to a range of factors, for example; denial, lack of proper medical care, poverty, and even stigma. All these are factors that restrict the prevention efforts aimed at addressing the scourge. Culture, in most ethnic minority groups, plays a major role in the response of the HIV strain among individuals. The diversity that most people of ethnic groups exhibit makes it harder for prevention efforts to have a foothold in most ethnic communities (Dayer-Berenson 76). It is this diversity that makes them engage in behavioral risk factors that differ, hence; increasing the possibility of acquiring the virus. The attitude behind sex and sexual activity among ethnic minority groups is probably one of the main reasons that may lea d to the progression of the virus. The concept surrounding sex and traditional roles in these communities makes the prevention of HIV a complicated topic in countless households. Factors of the problem The problem involved with culture is the fact that people are afraid of talking about sex. This is with either their partners, families, or even their children. In many cases, it is considered as being embarrassing to all the parties involved. This makes it harder for young men and women to understand the importance of communication when it comes to sexual activity with their partners as they grow up, which only works to increase the prevalence rate among these communities (Ray 118). In some instances, the perception that a ‘good’ woman is not supposed to know about sex is the essence that surrounds most homes. Women are, therefore, reduced to remaining ignorant when it comes to sex and their sexuality, which increases the dangers that this virus plays in their lives. Cul ture also plays a vital role in the traditional roles of gender in the U.S. In some minority ethnic groups, for example; the Latino, the men are supposed to be highly sexual individuals. To most of them, abstaining from engaging in sexual activity is an impossible task, and according to some, may even be unhealthy. Such attitudes lead to double standards among these groups, which then allow men to stray from their marriages. In other instances, the role of the man is

HIST 1400 essay 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HIST 1400 1 - Essay Example This diverts from the key purpose of the French revolution. Moreover, French Revolution is more radical, cruel, and violent. The French Revolution has disputes involving Europe, Kings, and the Church. Many promises and targeted achievements during the old regime and this period have not been achieved. Church disputes are clear when Martin Luther criticizes the Catholic Church saying that he is enlightening the people. In his 95th thesis of the year 1517, he suggested that his main aim is not to suppress the church (The Protestant Reformation 1). Martin Luther argues that he hopes to see it reformed. He identifies that churches were driving their believers away from the Creator. However, he is rude while addressing the situation. He openly talks of the Catholic leaders in a negative manner. These enlightening ideas suggested by Luther cause much suffering to the citizens. The revolution betrays the people. It destroys and divides the people pretending to enlighten them. The Roman Empire extends up to France. Consequently, most of the people in France are Catholics. According to Martin Luther, he explains that the Romans have three walls that protect them such that not anyone who tries to reform them is able (The Protestant Reformation 4). He does not put into consideration whether the Christians are satisfied about their religion. First, it is agreeable that Martin Luther believes that the temporal power is always below the spiritual power (The Protestant Reformation 2). He does not support most of the pope’s ideas. Only a pope would call for a council at any time. He argues that many people’s rights are violated because they are not able to overcome the rules strategized by the Catholic rulers. The French Revolution is against the Catholic Church. Consequently, it longs to see the end of this religion in France. There is a great intention to weaken the people through the French Revolution. However, this is only achievable through

Gender, sex ( with using CAUSE AND EFFECT style) Essay

Gender, sex ( with using CAUSE AND EFFECT style) - Essay Example A child will learn from its parents the difference between man and woman, boy and girl and identify the attributes that are associated with each term. In this respect, a childs idea of a man would be different in a household where the male is the breadwinner as opposed to the female, and vice versa. Although these gender categories are highly stereotypical, they form the basis for the childs basic understanding of gender and what it means to be female or male. Secondly, cultural beliefs play a large part also, with the views of the parents a strong factor. For instance, in Saudi Arabia, a number of people may believe that women were born only in order to serve a men or for giving birth to a child and then to raise him. In the same vein, and to use an extreme example, Eskimo men exploit their wives in order to set up trading associations with other Eskimos. They frequently present their wives sexual services in front of other Eskimo man just to strengthen the hunting or business relationship. In an Eskimo household, imagine how a young girl would see herself after being bared to these ideas over her first 5 years at home. Of course, this is an extreme example but it substantiates the point. Another aspect is media, media also uses interpellation as a form of recruitment that can inspire individuals to recreate their gender identity, presenting issues in a light that encourage people to join up or take a stand thus aiding the expansion of a collective identity amongst a specific gender. Phrases such as: "It was recognized that people label someone a feminist when someone expresses emotions that distinguish women from doormats," are designed to incite people into joining a shared individuality in the form of a group, in this case feminism. Lastly, our peers are a huge influence on the way that we see gender, and identify with the requirements of the same. The boys in a childs school may all play football, and therefore it is

Hang on for a smooth flight; Paragliding in the UK, an Organisational Essay

Hang on for a smooth flight; Paragliding in the UK, an Organisational and Consumer perspective - Essay Example ccomplish the following: (1) to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current Hang gliding and Paragliding Industry in the United Kingdom of Great Britain; (2) to investigate key components in APCO’s marketing strategy which led to their perceived dominance in the market and; (3) to examine consumer’s perception and satisfaction with the current market situation. To achieve these objectives, the researcher would conduct a survey to fifty (50) respondents, 25 are new trainees and 25 are paragliding instructors. These respondents also went through a series of semi-structured interviews to clarify their answers in the survey. The results of this study proves that there is indeed an increase in the number of people who are into adventure sports such as paragliding despite the risks that come with these sports. It is because of this that they give so much importance to the reputation and marketing strategies of certain manufacturers so as to ensure their safety as they engage in sports which are accompanies by high risks. In the United Kingdom of Great Britain, the sport of Paragliding is gaining tremendous popularity as an essential part of both the aviation and adventure tourism industries. Without a doubt, it has significantly contributed to the rise of the aviation industry as one of the most important industries in the United Kingdom, generating about 10.2 billion pounds sterling, thus amounting to 1.4% of the Gross Domestic Product of the Country. At the same time, the aviation industry has opened a lot of job opportunities for the citizens of the UK. In fact, it has already been reported to have been directly employed by this particular industry. As one of the perceived substantial industries in the country, it has helped in supporting the vision of their government for a high-productivity economy (OEF, 1999). Without a doubt, the economic growth of the UK owes a lot to aviation. Firstly because it is a part of their transport infrastructure to which